PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING TEST, SPECIFIC AND NONSPECIFIC PARAMETER TEST OF JOHAR LEAF EXTRACT

Abstract

The Johar leaf (Cassia siamea Lamk.) is a plant with potential antimicrobial chemical compounds. This study aims to identify the compounds present in Johar leaf extract using solvents with different polarity levels. The Johar leaf samples were collected from Karang Bahagia Village, Bekasi Regency, West Java. The extraction was performed using the maceration method with successive solvents: n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol, followed by phytochemical screening, and specific and non-specific parameter tests. The results of the phytochemical screening showed that the 96% ethanol extract of Johar leaves contains tannins, saponins, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols, and flavonoids, but does not contain steroids; while the ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts contain terpenoids. Specific parameter tests revealed that the water-soluble extract content was 2% in n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts, and 10% in the 96% ethanol extract. The ethanol-soluble extract content was recorded as 5% for n-hexane extract, 6% for ethyl acetate extract, and 16% for 96% ethanol extract. In the non-specific parameter tests, the drying loss results were 5% for the n-hexane extract, 10% for the ethyl acetate extract, and 38% for the ethanol extract, while the moisture content was 89% for the n-hexane extract, 98% for the ethyl acetate extract, and 66% for the ethanol extract. It was concluded that the Johar leaf extract contains various secondary metabolites according to its polarity level, and the results of the non-specific and specific parameter tests all meet the established criteria.