APPLICATION OF SPONGE BATH AND DRY CORD CARE FOR THE PREVENTION OF UMBILICAL CORD INFECTION IN NEONATES: A CASE STUDY IN PRIMARY CARE

Abstract

Umbilical cord infection is one of the health problems that may occur in neonates and can potentially progress to systemic infection if appropriate cord care is not provided. Maintaining the umbilical cord clean and dry is an important approach to preventing infection. This case study aimed to describe the application of sponge bath and dry cord care as part of nursing care for neonates at risk of umbilical cord infection. A descriptive case study design was used involving two neonates diagnosed with risk for infection. Nursing care included assessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The primary intervention was Infection Prevention (I.14539), including monitoring for signs and symptoms of infection, application of sponge bath and dry cord care, hand hygiene, and maternal education regarding umbilical cord care and signs of infection. The findings showed improvement in umbilical cord conditions in both subjects. Umbilical cord discharge gradually disappeared, erythema in one subject resolved, and no swelling, foul odor, or increased body temperature was observed. The umbilical cords separated physiologically on the fifth day in the first subject and the seventh day in the second subject. The application of sponge bath and dry cord care may be incorporated into neonatal nursing care to maintain umbilical cord cleanliness and dryness and to support the prevention of infection risk.