HYDROTHERAPY FOR GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a world health problem that needs continuous treatment. Hydrotherapy is a non-pharmacological therapy that can reduce blood sugar levels and increase the ankle brachial index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hydrotherapy on blood sugar levels and ankle brachial index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The design used was a literature review by using Google Scholar, Garuda, PubMed, and Science Direct databases. Article search using boolean operators. "OR" "AND". The inclusion criteria are article publications from 2019-2025 with full text, Indonesian and English, RCT, pra-experimental, quasi experimental, case study. The results of this study were 14 articles stating hydrotherapy could lower blood glucose levels and 9 articles stating hydrotherapy could increase ankle brachial index. The conclusion of this study is that hydrotherapy can reduce blood glucose levels and increase the value of the ankle brachial index.