FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LIQUID HAND WASHING SOAP PREPARATION FROM ETHANOL EXTRACT FROM BINAHONG LEAVES

Abstract

Binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia) contain various bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, saponins, and polyphenols, which have antibacterial properties and potential applications in personal hygiene products. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate liquid hand soap containing ethanol extract of binahong leaves and to determine the optimum formulation based on its physicochemical characteristics. Three formulations were prepared with different concentrations of binahong leaf ethanol extract, namely Formula I (10%), Formula II (25%), and Formula III (35%). The liquid hand soap formulations were evaluated for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, foam height, and physical stability. The results showed that all formulations were homogeneous and met the general requirements for liquid hand soap preparations. Organoleptic evaluation indicated a characteristic brown color of the extract and a non-rancid odor. Among the tested formulations, Formula III containing 35% ethanol extract demonstrated the best physicochemical characteristics, with a pH value of 8.5, viscosity of 2,500 cPs, and foam height of 110 mm. Stability testing revealed that Formula III remained homogeneous without phase separation or significant physical changes during the observation period. The increased concentration of binahong leaf ethanol extract contributed to improved viscosity and foam stability while maintaining acceptable physical properties. Based on the overall evaluation, Formula III was identified as the optimum formulation of liquid hand soap containing binahong leaf ethanol extract. These findings indicate that binahong leaf ethanol extract can be successfully incorporated into liquid hand soap formulations and has potential as a natural active ingredient for personal hygiene products.